Izicubu ezilumayo zihlukaniswe ngokwezigaba ezintathu: eziqinile, eziphakathi nendawo futhi ezixekethile.Isigaba ngasinye singabuye sihlukaniswe sibe izinombolo, njll., ezihlukaniswa ngezinombolo zenhlangano.Isikhulu inombolo yenhlangano ye-ithuluzi elilimazayo, iba ncane iphesenti levolumu ye-abrasive ku-ithuluzi elilimazayo, futhi iba banzi igebe phakathi kwezinhlayiya ezilumayo, okusho ukuxega kwenhlangano.Ngokuphambene, inani lenhlangano lincane, inhlangano iqina.Ama-abrasives anezicubu ezixegayo akulula ukudlula lapho esetshenziswa, futhi akhiqize ukushisa okuncane ngesikhathi sokugaya, okunganciphisa ukuwohloka kokushisa nokushiswa kwe-workpiece.Izinhlamvu ezihlabayo zethuluzi eliqhumayo elinenhlangano eqinile akulula ukuwa, okuzuzisa ukugcina umumo wejiyomethri wethuluzi eliqhumayo.Ukuhlelwa kwethuluzi lokuhuzuka kulawulwa kuphela ngokuya ngefomula yethuluzi elihuqayo phakathi nokukhiqizwa, futhi ngokuvamile akulinganiswa.Ama-abrasives abophene kakhulu enziwe ngedayimane, i-cubic boron nitride, njll. futhi ahlanganiswe ne-ejenti yokubopha.Ngenxa yenani eliphezulu ledayimane ne-cubic boron nitride kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa okuhle, iziqhumane eziboshiwe ezenziwe ngazo zihlukile kuma-abrasive abrasive abophayo ajwayelekile.Ngaphezu kongqimba oluqinile oluqinile, kunezendlalelo zoshintsho nama-substrates.I-superabrasive layer iyingxenye edlala indima yokusika, futhi yakhiwe ngama-superabrasives nama-bonding agents.I-matrix idlala indima esekelayo ekugayeni futhi yakhiwe ngezinto ezifana nensimbi, i-bakelite noma izitsha zobumba.
Kunezinqubo ezimbili zokukhiqiza ama-abrasives ebhondi yensimbi, i-powder metallurgy kanye ne-electroplating, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-abrasive abophene aqinile kakhulu.Indlela ye-powder metallurgy isebenzisa ithusi njenge-binder.Ngemuva kokuxuba, kwakhiwa ngokucindezela okushisayo noma ukucindezela ekamelweni lokushisa, bese i-sintered.Indlela ye-electroplating isebenzisa i-nickel noma i-nickel-cobalt alloy njengensimbi ye-electroplating, futhi i-abrasive ihlanganiswa ku-substrate ngokuya ngenqubo ye-electroplating ukuze kwenziwe ithuluzi eliqhumayo.Izinhlobo ezikhethekile zama-abrasives zifaka ama-sintered corundum abrasives nama-fiber abrasives.Ithuluzi le-sintered corundum abrasive lenziwa ngokuxuba, ukubumba, kanye nokucwilisa cishe ku-1800 ℃ nge-alumina powder ecolekileyo kanye nenani elifanele le-chromium oxide.Lolu hloboithuluzi elilimazayoinesakhiwo esihlangene namandla aphezulu, futhi isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukucubungula amawashi, izinsimbi nezinye izingxenye.Amathuluzi e-Fiber abrasive enziwe ngemicu yefayibha (njengemicu inayiloni) equkethe noma enamathela kuma-abrasives.Zinokunwebeka okuhle futhi zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukupholisha izinto zensimbi nemikhiqizo yazo.
Isendlalelo soguquko sisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma i-matrix kanye nesendlalelo esinamandla kakhulu, futhi sakhiwe i-ejenti ebophayo, engashiywa ngesinye isikhathi.Ama-binder asetshenziswa kakhulu ama-resin, izinsimbi, izinsimbi ezipuletiwe nezitsha zobumba.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ama-abrasives ahlanganisiwe ihlanganisa: ukusatshalaliswa, ukuxuba, ukwakha, ukwelashwa kokushisa, ukucubungula nokuhlola.Ngezibophezelo ezihlukene, inqubo yokukhiqiza nayo ihlukile.Isibopho se-ceramicithuluzi elilimazayo ikakhulukazi isebenzisa indlela yokucindezela.Ngemva kokukala i-abrasive kanye ne-binder ngokwesilinganiso sesisindo sefomula, yifake ku-mixer ukuze uxube ngokulinganayo, uyifake esibunjeni sensimbi, bese ulolonge ithuluzi eliqhumayo lingenalutho emshinini.Okungenalutho kuyomiswa bese kulayishwa kuhhavini ukuze kugaziswe, futhi izinga lokushisa lokudubula ngokuvamile liba ngu-1300 °C.Lapho kusetshenziswa i-sintered binder yephoyinti elincibilikayo eliphansi, izinga lokushisa le-sintering lingaphansi kuka-1000°C.Khona-ke icutshungulwa ngokunembile ngokuvumelana nobukhulu obucacisiwe kanye nokuma, futhi ekugcineni umkhiqizo uyahlolwa.Ama-abrasive ahlanganiswe ne-resin ngokuvamile akhiwa emshinini wokunyathelisa ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi kukhona nezinqubo zokucindezela okushisayo ezishiswayo nezicindezelwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa.Ngemva kokubunjwa, iqiniswa esithandweni esiqinile.Lapho i-phenolic resin isetshenziswa njenge-binder, izinga lokushisa lokuphulukisa lingu-180 ~ 200℃.Ama-abrasive ahlanganiswe nenjoloba ahlanganiswe ikakhulukazi nama-roller, asongwe abe amashidi amancane, abese ekhishwa ngemimese yokubhoboza.Ngemuva kokubumba, ifakwa ethangini le-vulcanization ezingeni lokushisa elingu-165 ~ 180℃.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-05-2022
